Researchers Say Vitamin D Might Protect Against Multiple Sclerosis
岩浆美国之音特别英语翻译03
Researchers Say Vitamin D Might Protect Against Multiple Sclerosis
研究表明:维他命D或许能够预防多发性硬化症(MS)
02 January 2007
Translated by 冰冷的岩浆
本节目音频
A study by the Harvard School of Public Health links high levels of vitamin D with lowered risk of MS.
哈佛大学公共卫生学院的一项研究揭示:人体维他命D高保有量与多发性硬化症低发病率之间的联系。
This is the VOA Special English Health Report.
您正在收听的是美国之音特别英语之健康报道。
In recent years, research has suggested more health value from vitamin D than had once been thought.
近年来的研究表明,维他命D的健康价值要比从前所知的要高。
Vitamin D is produced naturally in the blood. Sunlight is a major source. It is also found in some foods. These include eggs, liver and some fish. Vitamin D is also found in pills. Vitamin D helps to increase levels of calcium in the blood. It helps build strong bones and teeth. It also helps in muscle development.
血液能够自主产生维他命D,人体所接受的阳光照射亦是其主要产生方式。人们在许多食物中也发现含有维D,其中包括:鸡蛋、动物的肝脏和某些鱼类。另外,药物中也含有维D。它不但有助于提高血液中的钙含量、生成壮实的骨骼和牙齿,还有助于肌肉的生长。
It also appears to do more than just protect against rickets. That serious bone disease was the reason vitamin D was added to milk. Rickets is now rare in the western world. But it is still a common childhood disease in developing countries. Rickets can cause bone pain and weakness, teeth problems and muscle loss.
维他命D的作用之一就是预防佝偻病的发生。这种严重的骨骼疾病就是我们将维D加入食用牛奶之中的原因所在。目前,佝偻病在西方国家已近绝迹,但在发展中国家,它仍是一种儿童常见病。它能导致骨骼疼痛、骨质疏松、牙疾病和肌肉萎缩。
Now researchers at the Harvard School of Public Health in Boston say vitamin D might protect against multiple sclerosis, also called MS.
目前,位于美国波士顿的哈佛大学公共卫生学院的研究人员表示:维他命D或许还能够预防多发性硬化症,简称MS。
MS is a progressive disease of the central nervous system that affects about two million people around the world. There is no cure. MS causes problems with speech and movement. The level of severity can differ from person to person. But is usually seriously disabling.
MS是一种中枢神经渐进性疾病 (即在一段时间内症状会愈加严重的疾病),全世界有近两百万人深受其苦,而且还没有根治的方法。患有MS会导致语言与行动方面的障碍,其严重程度因人而异,通常会给患者带来严重的身体机能缺损。
The study in Boston involved blood samples from more than seven million members of the American military. It found that people with higher levels of vitamin D had lower rates of MS. It found that the chance of developing MS was sixty-two percent lower among those with the highest level of vitamin D than those with the lowest level.
在波士顿的这项研究分析了采自美国军方超过七百万人的血样。研究发现,体内维他命D含量高的人群具有较低的多发性硬化症的发病率。对比研究中发现,MS在维D含量高的人群中的发病几率要比含量低的人群低62%。
Alberto Ascherio led the study. He says vitamin D may become a future treatment for MS. But, he says first scientists must carry out a large, controlled study in which some people get vitamin D and others do not.
阿尔伯特 阿斯盖瑞欧是该研究项目的负责人。他表示,维他命D可能会在今后治疗多发性硬化症中起到关键作用。但首先,科学家们必须对摄入和不摄入维生素D的人群进行大量、可靠的研究。
This is not the first study to show a possible relationship between vitamin D and multiple sclerosis. But it has provided the clearest evidence of a direct link.
该项研究并不是第一个表明维D与多发性硬化症之间存在关联的研究。但它已经为人们提供了两者之间有必然联系的佐证。
The National Institutes of Health says some studies also suggest vitamin D may protect against some kinds of cancer, especially colon cancer. But it says more human studies are needed to learn if a lack of vitamin D increases the risk of cancer… or if treatment with large amounts of vitamin D could protect against the disease.
美国国家卫生研究院表示,一些研究也表明维他命D可能对某些癌症(特别是结肠癌)有预防作用。但他们还表示,需要对人类机体进行更多的研究来证实---如果机体缺少维D则会增加患癌的可能性。
And that's the Special English Health Report, written by Caty Weaver. You can get transcripts of our health reports, and download audio, at voaspecialenglish.com. I'm Steve Ember.
这里是特别英语之健康报道。凯蒂 维福尔撰文。您可以登录www.voaspecilaenglish.com 下载健康报道的文本和音频。史蒂夫 安伯尔为您播送。
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Word Bank--关键词:
1. multiple sclerosis--多发性硬化症。中枢神经系统一种慢性退化性疾病,发病时髓脂质慢性形成斑状损坏,遍及大脑和脊髓或两处同时出现,干扰神经通路并导致肌肉无力、协调性丧失以及语言和视力障碍。这种疾病主要出现在年轻的成年人中,并被认为是源于遗传或病毒所引起的免疫系统缺陷所导致的;
2. muscle development--肌肉生长、肌肉组织发展;
3. rickets--佝偻病、软骨病、 驼背。:由缺乏维生素D或钙及日晒不足导致的缺陷疾病,症状为有缺陷的骨质发育,主要发生于儿童中也作 rachitis;
4. bone pain--骨骼疼痛;
5. bone weakness--骨质疏松。一种疾病,症状为骨头充满孔隙、易骨折且愈合慢,多发作于绝经后的妇女且常导致椎骨萎陷直至脊椎弯曲,学名osteoporosis;
6. muscle loss--肌肉萎缩或肌肉缺失;
7. Harvard School of Public Health--哈佛大学公共卫生学院;
8. progressive disease--渐进性疾病,即在一段时间内症状会愈加严重的疾病。例如 Parkinson disease 帕金森氏综合症;
9. colon cancer-- 结肠癌,是常见的恶性肿瘤之一,以40岁~50岁年龄组发病率最高;
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Knowledge Base--知识点:
结肠癌是常见的恶性肿瘤之一,以40岁~50岁年龄组发病率最高。 我国的发病率与死亡率低于胃癌,食管癌、肺癌等常见恶性肿瘤。近年各地资料显示随着人 民生活水平的提高,饮食结构的改变,其发病率呈逐年上各趋势。从流行病学的观点看,结肠癌的发病和 环境、生活习惯、尤其是饮食方式有关。
一般认为高脂肪食谱和纤维素不足是主要发病原因。研究显示,饱和脂肪酸的饮食可增加结 肠中胆汁酸与中性固醇的浓度,并改变大肠菌群的组成。胆汁酸经细菌作用可生成3-甲基胆蒽等致癌物质,固醇环 也可经细菌作用被芳香化而形成致癌物质。食物纤维包括纤维素、果胶、半纤维素、木质素等,吸收水分,增加粪便量,稀 释肠内残留物浓度,能够缩短粪便通过大肠的时间而减少致癌物质与肠粘膜接触的时间,若膳食纤维不足时,已是结肠癌 的发病因素之一。
慢性大肠炎症,如溃疡性结肠炎的肠癌发生率高于一般人群,炎症的增生性病变的发展过程 中,常可形成息肉,进一步发展为肠癌;克隆氏(Crohn)病时,有结肠、直肠受累者可引起癌变。血吸虫流行区和非流行区的结肠癌发病率与死亡率有明显区别,过去认为慢性血吸虫病患者 ,因肠壁血吸虫卵沉积与毒素刺激,导致大肠粘膜慢性溃疡,炎性息肉等,进而引起癌变。 这个观点一直在争论, 据浙江省嘉善县血吸虫病日渐控制,新发病例明显减少,晚期病人趋于消失,而结肠癌的发病率仍很高。据一般资料统计,有结肠息肉的患者,结肠癌发病率是无结肠息肉患者的5倍。家族性多发 性肠息肉瘤,癌变的发生率更高。
近几年来,有报告结肠癌阳性家族者,其发病率是一般人群的四倍,说明遗传因素可能参与 结肠癌的发病。
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